method for making a disposable absorbent article having multiple components

专利摘要:
PRINTED ABSORBENT ARTICLE COMPONENTS FOR A EVEN APPEARANCE The present invention features a method for making a disposable absorbent article having multiple components including selecting a first material suitable for use as an outer covering; producing a chassis including the outer casing, the outer casing including an outer casing center region having an outer casing center region appearance; selecting a second material suitable for use as an elastic panel, wherein the second material is different from the first material; and producing a first elastic panel having a first elastic panel center region. The method also includes printing the first elastic panel center region with a printed first elastic panel graphic; and affixing the first elastic panel to the chassis, wherein selection and printing are performed such that the first elastic panel central region gives the appearance of being substantially similar to the appearance of the outer casing central region.
公开号:BR112012008928B1
申请号:R112012008928-5
申请日:2010-09-02
公开日:2021-05-11
发明作者:David Fleger Bishop；Patsy Ann Krautkramer；Julia Hartono；Katherine Carol Wheeler；Marcille Faye Ruman；Daniel Robert Schlinz；Kimberly Marie Downs；Tami Lynn Kurtz
申请人:Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc.；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

HISTORIC
[01] Absorbent products are often created from multiple materials and components that typically differ in appearance and feel. Genuine cloth underwear; however, it is generically crafted from a single chassis material and leg and waistbands. As a result, real cloth underwear has a compatible look and feel. With respect to disposable absorbent products made from multiple non-woven components, consumers generally prefer products that more closely emulate the appearance of real cloth underwear. This desire drives the need to reduce the effective differences in the appearance of a disposable absorbent across its different materials and components and to create perceptions of a similar look and feel across different materials.
[02] Previous attempts in this area have focused on marrying a solid color printed nonwoven with a pigmented nonwoven material, or manufacturing what is typically referred to as a one-piece chassis. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[03] These problems can be addressed using a method of making a disposable absorbent article having multiple components including selecting a first material suitable for use as an outer covering; producing a chassis including the outer casing, the outer casing including an outer casing center region having an outer casing center region appearance; selecting a second material suitable for use as an elastic panel, wherein the second material is different from the first material; and producing a first elastic panel having a first elastic panel center region. The method also includes printing the first elastic panel center region with a printed first elastic panel graphic; and attaching the first elastic panel to the chassis, wherein the selection and printing are performed such that the first elastic panel central region provides the appearance of being substantially similar to the outer casing central region appearance.
[04] In addition, a method for making a disposable absorbent article having a uniform garment-like appearance includes producing an assembly of at least one chassis having an outer cover and an elastic panel attached to the chassis, the assembly having a physical structure ; and masking the physical structure of the assembly by printing the same graphic continuously on the outer cover and elastic panel.
[05] In addition, a disposable absorbent article having a uniform garment-like appearance includes a chassis including an outer cover, a liner generally parallel to the outer cover, an absorbent core disposed therebetween, and a central region of the outer cover including a printed outer cover chart; and a first elastic panel secured at a seam to the chassis, the first elastic panel including a first elastic panel central region having a first elastic panel central region appearance; wherein the outer covering includes a first material, wherein the first elastic panel includes a second material, wherein neither the central region of the outer covering nor a. first elastic panel central region include a printed waistband, and wherein the outer casing central region has the appearance of being substantially similar to the appearance of the first elastic panel central region.
[06] Additionally, a disposable absorbent article having a uniform garment-like appearance includes a chassis including an outer cover, a liner generally parallel to the outer cover, and an absorbent core disposed therebetween; a first elastic panel secured in a seam to the chassis; and a second elastic panel secured at a seam to the chassis, wherein the first elastic panel is secured at a seam to the second elastic panel. The article also includes a waist opening and two leg openings; and a lateral circumference taken between the waist opening and the leg openings, wherein the outer covering includes a first material, wherein each elastic panel includes a second material, wherein the first material is different from the second material, and in that the article includes a graphic printed along the entire circumference and on the outer cover.
[07] Other features and aspects of the present invention are described in more detail below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[08] A complete and enabling description of the present invention, including the best mode thereof, addressed to a person with ordinary knowledge in the art, is set out more particularly in the remainder of the descriptive report, which makes reference to the attached figures, in which: ' Figure 1 is a side elevation of a child's pants with a pants fastening system shown on one side of the pants and disconnected on the other side of the pants; Figure 2 is a bottom plan view of the trousers of Figure 1 in an unclamped condition, stretched out and laid out flat to show the trouser surface facing away from the wearer; Figure 3 is a top plan view of the pants in their unsecured condition, stretched out and laid out flat to show the surface of the pants that faces the wearer when the pants are worn, with portions of the pants being cut away to reveal underlying features; Figure 4 representatively illustrates a plan view of an aspect of an absorbent garment in a longitudinally stretched condition and laid out flat, prior to joining the front and rear waist regions, and showing the surface of the article that faces the wearer when the article is used, and with portions cut away to show underlying features; and Figure 5 representatively illustrates the garment of Figure 4 in a closed condition.
[09] The repeated use of reference characters in this descriptive report and drawings is intended to represent the same or similar characteristics or elements of the invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[10] As used here, the terms “machine direction” or “MD” generically refer to the direction in which a material is produced. The term “cross-machine direction” or “CD” refers to the direction perpendicular to the machine direction.
[11] As used herein, the terms "extendable" or "extendability" refer generically to a material that stretches or extends in the direction of an applied force of at least about 25%, in some respects about 50% , and in some respects, at least about 75% of its length or width relaxed. An extensible material does not necessarily have recovery properties. For example, an elastomeric material is an extensible material having recovery properties. A meltblown web can be extensible, but have no recovery properties, and thus be an inelastic, extensible material.
[12] As used herein, the term "elastomeric" and "elastic" refers to a material which upon application of a stretching force, is stretchable in at least one direction (such as the CD direction) and which upon release of the force stretch, contracts/returns to approximately its original dimension. For example, a drawn material may have a drawn length that is at least 50% longer than its relaxed unstretched length, and which will recover to within at least 50% of its drawn length upon release of the drawing force. A hypothetical example would be a one (1) inch sample of a material that is stretchable to at least 1.50 inches and which, upon release of the stretching force, will recover to a length no greater than 1.25 inches. Desirably, the material contracts or recovers at least 50%, and even more desirably, at least 80% of the drawn length.
[13] As used herein, the term "hot spot bonding" refers generically to a process performed, for example, by passing a material between a patterned roll (eg, calender roll) and another roll (eg, roll of anvil) which may or may not be patterned. One or both rolls are typically heated.
[14] As used herein, the term “breathability” generically refers to the water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) of an area of a material. Breathability is measured in grams of water per square meter per day (g/m2/24 hours). The WVTR of a material can be measured in accordance with ASTM Standard E96-80. Alternatively, for materials having a WVTR greater than about 3,000 g/m2/24 hours, test systems such as, for example, the PERMATRAN-W 100K water vapor permeation analysis system, commercially available from Modern Controls , Inc. (MOCON) of Minneapolis, Minnesota may be used.
[15] Reference will now be made in detail to various aspects of the invention, one or more examples of which are set out below. Each example is provided as an explanation, not a limitation of the invention. Indeed, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. For example, features illustrated or described as part of one aspect may be used in another aspect to provide an even further aspect. Accordingly, it is intended that the present invention cover such modifications and variations.
[16] The methods and apparatus of the present invention can be used to make a variety of disposable absorbent articles such as disposable absorbent garments including diapers, training pants, feminine hygiene products, incontinence products, medical garments, other garments. health care or personal care, swimming pants and the like. For ease of explanation, the methods and apparatus of the present invention are first described in connection with the manufacture of pants for children, generally indicated as 20 in Figure 1. In particular, the methods and apparatus will be described in terms of those for making disposable pants for children. attached as described in published US patent application serial number 09/444,083 entitled "Absorbent Articles With Refastenable Side Seams" and filed November 22, 1999 (corresponding to PCT application WO 00/37009 published June 29, 2000) by AL Fletcher et al., the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. The pants 20 can also be constructed using the methods and apparatus described in US Patent No. 4,940,464 issued July 10, 1990 to Van Gompel et al. .; and U.S. Patent 5,766,389 issued June 16, 1998 to Brandon et al.; which disclosures are also incorporated herein by reference.
[17] The methods and apparatus of the present invention are further described further with respect to the manufacture of adult pants, generally indicated at 220 in Figures 4 and 5.
[18] It should be understood that as used herein, the term “component” includes not only discrete objects, but also objects yet to be formed into discrete objects (eg, objects yet to be separated into discrete objects of a continuous sheet or web of material), particles (for example, polymers or superabsorbent particles), adhesives, lotions, ointments, and other substances, as well as portions or characteristics of any such components including, for example, fold lines, bond lines (for example, ultrasonic bonding lines), adhered or bonded regions, and registration marks applied on or around components for subsequent detection during an inspection or manufacturing process.
[19] Referring now to the drawings, and in particular Figure 1, a pair of pants 20 is illustrated in a partially attached condition and includes an absorbent chassis 32 having a front waist region 22, a rear waist region 24, a crotch region 26 interconnecting the front and rear waist regions, an inner surface 28 that is configured to contact the wearer, and an outer surface 30 opposite the inner surface and configured to contact the wearer's clothing. With further reference to Figures 2 and 3, the absorbent chassis 32 also has a pair of laterally opposing side edges 36 and a pair of longitudinally opposing waist edges, respectively designated as front waist edge 38 and rear waist edge 39. The region the front waist region 22 is contiguous with the front waist edge 38, and the rear waist region 24 is contiguous with the rear waist edge 39.
[20] The absorbent chassis 32 illustrated includes a composite structure 33 (Figures 2 and 3), which when laid flat may be rectangular or any other desired shape, and has a pair of laterally opposed front side panels 34 and a pair of panels laterally opposite rear sides 134 extending outwardly from it. Each side panel 34, 134 includes a central side panel region 76 positioned generally on each side panel 34, 134 and does not include a waistband or leg straps (Figure 2). The side panel center region 76 has a side panel center region appearance, which is the physical appearance of the side panel center region 76.
[21] The composite structure 33 and side panels 34, 134 may include two or more separate elements, as shown in Figure 1, or be integrally formed. Integrally formed side panels 34, 134 and composite structure 33 would include at least some common materials, such as body facing lining, flap composite, outer shell, other materials and/or combinations thereof, and could define stretch pants or one-piece elastic non-stretchable. The illustrated composite structure 33 includes an outer covering 40, a body facing liner 42 (Figures 1 and 3) connected to the outer covering in an overlapping relationship, an absorbent assembly 44 (Figure 3) disposed between the outer covering and the facing liner for the body, and a pair of containment tabs 46 (Figure 3). The illustrated composite structure 33 has opposite ends 45 (Figures 2 and 3) that form front and rear waist edge portions 38 and 39, and opposite side edges 47 that form side edge portions 36 of the absorbent chassis 32 (Figures 2 and 3 ). The outer cover 42 includes a central outer cover region 75 positioned generally in the front and/or back waist regions 22, 24, and does not include a waistband or leg straps (Figure 2). The outer-cover center region 75 has an outer-cover center region appearance, which is the physical appearance of the outer-cover center region 75.
[22] For reference, arrows 48 and 49 (Figures 2 and 3) represent the orientation of the longitudinal axis and the transversal or lateral geometric axis, respectively, of the pants 20.
[23] With the pants 20 in the attached position as partially illustrated in Figure 1, the front and rear side panels 34, 134 are connected together by a fastening system 80 to define a three-dimensional pants configuration having an interior space 51, a waist opening 50 for receiving the wearer in the interior space of the pants, a pair of leg openings 52 and interlocking seams 88 along which the side panels 34, 134 are connected. The interior space 51 of the trousers 20 is thereby limited by the absorbent chassis 32, the interlocking seams 88 and the portions of the side panels 34, 134 that extend on opposite sides of the interlocking seams 88 (e.g., between the interlocking seams 88 and the absorbent chassis 32). As used herein, "inner space" 51 is intended to refer to the space between any two portions of a three-dimensional article that generally oppose each other. It is understood that a cross section of the article need not be closed, e.g. continuous, to define the interior space 51. For example, a two-dimensional article may be generally folded over itself so that two portions of the article are mutually opposed to define an interior space of the article between them. Thus, the interior space 51 of the trousers 20 shown in Figure 1 can be defined by the side panels 34, 134 themselves, or if the side panels are fully straightened therebetween, the interior space is defined by a combination of the side panels and the regions. front and back waist 22, 24 of the absorbent chassis 32.
[24] The front waist region 22 includes the portion of the pants 20 which, when worn, is positioned in front of the wearer while the rear waist region 24 includes the portion of the pants which, when worn, is positioned on the wearer's back. The crotch region 26 of the pants 20 includes the portion of the pants 20 which, when worn, is positioned between the wearer's legs and covers the wearer's lower back. The front and back side panels 34 and 134 include the trouser portions 20 which, when worn, are positioned on the wearer's hips. Waist edges 38 and 39 of the absorbent chassis 32 are configured to encircle the wearer's waist when worn and together define the waist opening 50 (Figure 1). Portions of the side edges 36 in the crotch region 26 generally define the leg openings 52.
[25] The absorbent chassis 32 is configured to contain and/or absorb any exudates discharged from the user. For example, the absorbent chassis 32 desirably though not necessarily includes the pair of containment flaps 46 which are configured to provide a barrier to the transverse flow of body exudates. An elastic tab member 53 (Figure 3) may be operatively attached to each containment tab 46 in any suitable manner as known in the art. Elasticized containment flaps 46 define an unsecured edge that assumes a vertical configuration in at least one crotch region 26 of the pants 20 to form a seal against the wearer's body. The containment tabs 46 may be located along the side edges 36 of the absorbent chassis 32, and may extend longitudinally along the entire length of the absorbent chassis 32, or may only extend partially along the length of the absorbent chassis 32. Constructions and suitable arrangements for containment tabs 46 are generally well known to those skilled in the art and are described in US Patent 4,704,116 issued November 3, 1987 to Enloe, which is incorporated herein by reference.
[26] To further increase the containment and/or absorption of body exudates, the trousers 20 desirably though not necessarily include an elastic front waist element 54, an elastic back waist element 56, and elastic leg elements 58, as they are. known to those skilled in the art (Figure 3). Elastic waist elements 54 and 56 may be operatively joined to outer cover 40 and/or body facing liner 42 along opposing waist edges 38 and 39, and may extend over part or all of the waist edges. The elastic leg elements 58 can be operatively joined to the outer covering 40 and/or the body facing liner 42 along opposite side edges 36 and positioned in the crotch region 26 of the trousers 20. The elastic leg elements 58 can be longitudinally aligned along each side edge 47 of the composite structure 33. Each elastic leg member 58 has a front end point 63 and a rear end point 65, which represent the longitudinal ends of the elastic gather caused by the leg elastic elements. Front endpoints 63 can be located adjacent the longitudinally innermost portions of the front side panels 34, and the rear endpoints 65 can be located adjacent the longitudinally innermost portions of the rear side panels 134.
[27] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the pants 20 and in particular the outer covering 40 desirably include one or more appearance-related components. Examples of appearance-related components include, but are not limited to graphics; highlight or emphasize openings for the legs and waist to make the product shape more evident or visible to the user; highlight or emphasize areas of the product to simulate functional components such as elastic leg bands, elastic waistband, simulated “flyers” for boys, ruffles for girls; product highlight areas to change the appearance of the product size; indicators to record humidity, temperature indicators, and the like on the product; register a back label, or a front label, on the product.; and record written instructions in a desired location on the product.
[28] The illustrated pair of pants 20 is designed for use by girls and includes a recorded outer coverage chart 60 (Figures 1 and 2). In this drawing, registered graphic 60 includes a primary pictorial image 61, simulated waist creases 62, and simulated leg creases 64. Primary pictorial image 61 includes an object graphic such as a rainbow, sun, clouds, characters from animals, wagon and balloons. Any suitable design can be used for trousers intended for use by girls, in order to be aesthetically and/or functionally pleasing to them and the caregiver. The appearance-related components are desirably positioned on the pants 20 at selected locations, which can be accomplished using the methods disclosed in US Patent No. 5,766,389 issued June 16, 1998 to Brandon et al., the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein. by way of reference. The primary pictorial image 61 is desirably positioned in the front waist region 22 along the longitudinal centerline of the pants 20.
[29] Graphics printed on pants 20 may share a color palette, may be the same color, may be complementary colors, or may follow any appropriate color scheme. Different areas of the pants 20 can also be printed with similar or identical graphic elements such as stars, circles, butterflies, etc. Different areas of the pants 20 can also be printed with similar or identical graphics that share a graphic theme. For example, the pants 20 can be printed with flowers that might or might not be identical in size, type, color, etc., but all share the flower theme. In another aspect, the article can be printed backwards in such a way that the graphic elements, for example, appear as an absence of print.
[30] As noted earlier, the illustrated trousers 20 have front and rear side panels 34 and 134 disposed on each side of the absorbent chassis 32. The front side panels 34 can be permanently attached along seams 66 to the composite structure 33 of the absorbent chassis. 32 in the respective front and rear waist regions 22 and 24. More specifically, as best seen in Figures 2 and 3, the front side panels 34 can be permanently attached to and extend transversely outwardly beyond the side edges 47 of the composite structure 33 in the front waist region 22, and rear side panels 134 can be permanently attached to and extend transversely outward beyond the side edges of the composite structure in the rear waist region 24. Side panels 34 and 134 can be attached to the composite structure 33 using fastening means known to those skilled in the art such as adhesive, thermal or ultrasonic bonding. here. Alternatively, the side panels 34 and 134 may be formed as an integral portion of a composite structure component 33. For example, the side panels may include a generally broader portion of the outer shell 40, body facing liner 42, and/ or other component of absorbent chassis 32. Front and rear side panels 34 and 134 may be permanently attached together or releasably connected together such as by fastening system 80 of the illustrated aspect.
[31] As best illustrated in Figures 2 and 3, the front and rear side panels 34, 134 individually have an outer edge 68 spaced laterally from seam 66, a leg end edge 70 disposed toward the longitudinal center of the pants. 20, and a waist end edge 72 disposed toward a longitudinal end of the pants. Leg end edge 70 and waist end edge 72 extend from side edges 47 of composite structure 33 to outer edges 68. Leg end edges 70 of side panels 34 and 134 form part of the edges sides 36 of the absorbent chassis 32. In the rear waist region 24, the leg end edges 70 are desirably though not necessarily curved and/or slanted relative to the transverse axis 49 to provide greater coverage towards the back of the trousers 20 compared to the front of the pants. The waist end edges 72 are desirably parallel to the transverse axis 49. The waist end edges 72 of the front side panels 34 form part of the front waist edge 38 of the absorbent chassis 32, and the waist end edges 72 of the rear side panels 134 form part of the rear waist edge 39 of the absorbent chassis.
[32] In specific aspects for improved fit and appearance, the side panels 34, 134 desirably have an average length measured parallel to the longitudinal axis 48 that is about 15 percent or greater, and particularly about 25 percent or greater, of the overall length of the trousers, also measured parallel to the longitudinal axis 48. For example, in trousers 20 having an average length of about 54 centimeters, the side panels 34, 134 desirably have an average length of about 10 centimeters or greater. like about 15 centimeters. While each of the side panels 34, 134 extends from the waist opening 50 to one of the leg openings 52, the illustrated rear side panels 134 have a continuously decreasing length dimension that moves from the seam 66 to the outer edge. 68, as best shown in Figures 2 and 3.
[33] Each of the side panels 34, 134 may include one or more separate, individual pieces of material. In specific aspects, for example, each side panel 34, 134 can include first and second side panel portions that are joined at a seam, or it can include a single piece of material that is folded back on itself (not shown).
[34] Side panels 34, 134 desirably though not necessarily include an elastic material capable of stretching in a direction generally parallel to the transverse geometric axis 49 of the trousers 20. Suitable elastic materials, as well as a method of incorporating elastic side panels into the trousers, are described in the following US patents: 4,940,464 issued July 10, 1990 to Van Gompel et al.; 5,224,405 issued July 6, 1993 to Pohjola; 5,104,116 issued April 14, 1992 to Pohjola; and 5,046,272 issued September 10, 1991 to Vogt et al.; all of which are incorporated herein by reference. An alternative elastic material is described below. In specific aspects, the elastic material includes a thermal stretch laminate (STL), a bonded-narrow laminate (NBL), a reversibly narrowed laminate, or a laminated stretch bonded material (SBL). Methods of making such materials are well known to those skilled in the art and described in U.S. Patent 4,663,220 issued May 5, 1987 to Wisneski et al; U.S. Patent 5,226,992 issued July 13, 1993 to Morman; and European Patent Application No. EP 0 217 032 published April 8, 1987 in the names of Taylor et al.; all of which are incorporated herein by reference. Alternatively, the side panel material may include other woven or non-woven materials, such as those described above as being suitable for outer covering 40 or body facing liner 42; mechanically pre-strained composites; or stretchable but inelastic materials.
[35] The methods and apparatus of the present invention are further described with respect to an adult pants, generally indicated at 220 in Figures 4 and 5. Referring to Figure 4, which illustrates exemplary aspects of the present invention, an absorbent garment Disposable trouser-like includes a front panel 222, the front panel 222 defining a front waist edge 223, first and second front leg front edges 221, first and second opposite front side edges 224 and 225 that extend from the front edge of front waist 223 to the first and second front edges of legs 221, and a front panel width 234 that extends from the first front side edge 224 to the second front side edge 225 (as measured at the front waist edge when the product is in a configuration laid out flat, open and fully extended).
[36] The garment further includes a back panel 226, the back panel 226 defining a rear waist edge 227, first and second leg rear edges 245, opposite first and second rear side edges 228 and 229 extending from from the back waist edge 227 to the first and second back edges of the legs 245, and a back panel width 244 that extends from the first back side edge 228 to the second back side edge 229 (as measured at the back waist edge when the product is in a flat, open and fully extended layout). Front panel 222 and back panel 226 individually include a central region of elastic panel 276 positioned generally on each front and back panel 222, 226, and do not include a waistband or waistband (Figure 4). Elastic panel center region 276 has an elastic panel center region appearance, which is the physical appearance of elastic panel center region 276.
[37] In one aspect, the garment further includes a crotch panel 230 positioned longitudinally between the front panel 222 and the back panel 226, wherein the front panel 222, the back panel 226, and the crotch panel 230 are continuous and integral with each other, as illustrated representatively in Figures 4 and 5. One version of such aspect includes an hourglass-shaped panel having an elastomeric film laminate. In specific aspects, the laminate includes two non-woven layers superimposed on opposing upper and lower surfaces of an elastomeric polymeric film such that the polymeric film is disposed between the two nonwoven coatings, wherein both the polymeric film and both nonwoven layers are disposed. fabrics extend substantially across the entire area of each laminate. Another version of such an aspect includes providing an hourglass panel including a non-woven substrate that is imparted with elastic properties by adhesively affixing elastic strands thereto. The yarns and adhesive are, in specific aspects, disposed on the hourglass panel between a second layer or layers of nonwoven.
[38] The garment further includes an absorbent insert 235. The insert includes an absorbent element 236. An example of a suitable insert 236 includes a liquid permeable body facing liner, a liquid impermeable backsheet on the garment side. of garment 237, and an absorbent element 236 comprised of wood pulp fluff and superabsorbent polymer. Each absorbent insert 235 is secured to an hourglass-shaped panel. The absorbent insert is secured to and extends between front panel 222 and back panel 226 (Figure 4). The backsheet 237 includes a central outer cover region 275 positioned generally on the backsheet 237, and does not include a waistband or leg straps (Figure 4). The outer-cover core region 275 has an outer-cover core region appearance, which is the physical appearance of the outer-cover core region 275.
[39] As illustrated in Figure 4, the garment defines a longitudinal direction 232 that extends between the front waist edge 223 and the rear waist edge 227, and a transverse direction 233 that is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction 232 and which extends between the first front side edge 224 and the second front side edge (and between the first back side edge 228 and the second back side edge 229).
[40] In specific aspects shown in Figure 5, the side seams 268 of the garment 220 are permanently attached, non-refixable side seams. For example, joining the first and second front side edges to the first and second rear side edges creates a pair of permanently bonded, non-refixable side seams. In other aspects, the side seams 268 are releasable and resealable. For example, joining the first and second front side edges to the first and second rear side edges creates a pair of releasable and resealable seams. The closed article as shown in Figure 5 includes a waist opening 250 and a pair of leg openings 252.
[41] In specific aspects of the present invention, the front panel defines a front groin edge longitudinally opposite the front waist edge, and the back panel defines a rear groin edge longitudinally opposite the rear waist edge, and the groin edge The front panel is longitudinally separated from the rear groin edge such that the front panel and rear panel are separate and not integral with each other.
[42] It is evident that the disposable absorbent articles described herein share similar characteristics, although such characteristics are conventionally labeled differently for different types of products. The present invention is intended to apply to any product described herein. For example, the matter using the term "side panel" is intended to be equally applicable to the body panel of an adult care product and to the more generic terms elastic panel and stretch panel. Matter using the term "chassis" is intended to apply equally to the absorbent insert of an adult care product. Matter using the term “external cover” is intended to be equally applicable to the backsheet of an adult care product. Feather slits, waist slits, waist edges, waistband, and leg straps are similar for all products. Other similarities and equivalences will be evident to those skilled in the art.
[43] In one aspect of the present invention, elastic panels can be constructed of an elastic laminate which is a composite that includes an elastic film laminated to a meltblown coating. By replacing VFL elastic panels with a new elastic laminate material described here in baby, toddler and youth pants and replacing the wire chassis with the new material described here in adult pants, the appearance similar to the single garment can be obtained while maintaining the high stretch properties needed to fit the user.
[44] The smoothness or texture quality of a retracted elastic laminate can be quantified through relatively simple physical measurements. For a laminate having a cross section defined by the y-z plane, where the material is elastically functional along the geometric y axis, and the xy plane defines the printable surface of the laminate, the corrugations formed by the lining retracted in the yz plane have descriptive values similar to those of a wave. Although a wave has a frequency, wavelength, and amplitude, corrugations have a corrugation density, a corrugation spacing, and a corrugation height. Both the magnitude and variability of these values determine the resulting smoothness or texture of the material.
[45] The regularity of the corrugation height determines the uniformity and thus the smoothness of the retracted surface. For a laminate having a cross section in the y-z plane, and a printable surface in the x-y plane, the corrugation height regularity measured on the z axis determines the consistency of laminate appearance and feel. A perfectly consistent corrugation height wave to wave provides the same contact length at the crest of each wave. For the elastic laminate described here, the corrugation height standard deviation ranges from 120 to 190 micrometers versus a standard deviation range of 240-410 micrometers for VFL, as much as a 200% advantage. The magnitude of corrugation density determines the surface area available in the elastic laminate. The larger the available area, the smoother the material will look and feel. With retracted laminates, appearance and feel are mainly realized at the crest of the corrugation wave. The higher the corrugation density, the more coating area on the laminate surface that is available. The elastic laminates described here have 1.4 - 2.0 corrugations per linear mm compared to 0.7 - 1.10 corrugations per linear mm for VFL and 0.7 corrugations per linear mm for LYCRA brand synthetic fiber laminate , which provides as much as a 200% advantage in smooth surface area. A corrugation density greater than 1.2 corrugations per linear mm is preferable to satisfactorily match the appearance of an inelastic printed surface such as SFL. It should be noted that corrugation density and corrugation spacing are simply different representations of the same physical data.
[46] In addition, for an elastic laminate of the present invention, adjacent cross sections have corrugation spacing standard deviations of 165 micrometers and 187 micrometers for mean corrugation spacings of 670 micrometers and 714 micrometers respectively, while VFL has spacing standard deviations corrugation gaps of 230 micrometers and 410 micrometers for average corrugation spacings of 1,215 micrometers and 1,560 micrometers respectively. The laminate n of the present invention has a variation in plane-to-plane variability of less than 15% while VFL has a variation in plane-to-plane variability of greater than 75%.
[47] The elastic laminate of the present invention also has a corrugation height range of 385-521 micrometers compared to 826-1,552 micrometers for VFL and 1,680 micrometers for LYCRA brand synthetic fiber laminate, resulting in as much as 300% of advantage. A corrugation height of less than 700 micrometers is preferred to satisfactorily maintain quality across the performance range of an elastic laminate suitable for use in an elastic panel application.
[48] It should be noted that the magnitude of wave values for the elastic laminate of the present invention is on average approximately half that of VFL or LYCRA brand synthetic fiber laminate. This is no coincidence. The fundamental construction of an elastic laminate of the present invention is entirely unique. LYCRA and VFL brand synthetic fiber laminates are constructed using a sure-wrap or spray glue which results in a significant amount of SB to SB bonding in the inter-strand spaces. Conversely, the elastic laminate of the present invention is SB to SB zero bond of any kind. As a result, when LYCRA or VFL brand synthetic fiber laminate shrinks, the coatings bonded between strands react as a single mat of material, creating a continuous large-scale corrugation between the strand and random small-scale corrugations on the strand surface. . This results in large absolute wave values in the cross section between the wires and large wave value variations in the planes between wires versus across the wires. Conversely, the elastic laminate coatings of the present invention form corrugations that are mirrored around the geometric y axis, and consequently have by definition wave values (and subsequent standard deviations) of at least half that of a comparable range VFL. Furthermore, as the mechanical bonding of the elastic laminate of the present invention is accurate when compared to the random arrangement of bonding points resulting from glue lamination, the variation in wave values tends to be even smaller than would be expected as a result of the reduction. in absolute magnitudes individually.
[49] Lamination of the elastic laminate is accomplished through a standardized bonding technique (eg, thermal spot bonding, ultrasonic bonding, etc.) in which materials are supplied to a defined nip by at least one standardized roll. Through selective control of certain parameters of the lamination process, such as film content, bond pattern, film tension degree, bond conditions, etc., the durability of the meltblown coating can be improved. During lamination, for example, openings and discrete bonding sites can be simultaneously formed in the elastic film. Discrete binding sites may be located near (adjacent to or near) a perimeter defined by corresponding apertures formed by shifting the film. The location of bonding sites adjacent to or near the openings can increase the durability of the meltblown coating by reinforcing the area surrounding the openings. Furthermore, the polymer content of the elastic film and the lamination temperature/pressure can be selected so that the film has sufficient adhesion to adhere to the coating in regions other than those fused together by the bonding elements of the patterned roll. Such secondary bonding further stabilizes the meltblown coating and makes it suitable for printing.
[50] Other aspects of the lamination technique of the present invention can also help provide a meltblown coating surface that is suitable for printing. For example, the film is under tension in the machine direction during lamination. Subsequent to lamination, however, the film is shrunk so that the coating shrinks along its length in the original machine direction, thereby creasing and forming creases. When formed in accordance with the present invention, these pleats have been found to have a relatively small amplitude (height) as well as a substantially uniform frequency across the surface of the coating. Such small height and increased evenness improves the ability to transfer ink to the “peaks” of the pleats, thereby improving print quality and uniformity.
[51] The elastic film of the present invention is formed from one or more elastomeric polymers that are melt processable, ie, thermoplastics. Any of a variety of thermoplastic elastomeric polymers can generally be employed in the present invention, such as elastomeric polyesters, elastomeric polyurethanes, elastomeric polyamides, elastomeric copolymers, elastomeric polyolefins, and so forth. In a specific aspect, elastomeric semicrystalline polyolefins are employed due to their unique combination of mechanical and elastomeric properties. That is, the mechanical properties of such semi-crystalline polyolefins allow the formation of films that readily form gaps during thermal bonding, yet still retain their elasticity.
[52] In addition to polymers, the elastic film of the present invention may also contain other components as known in the art. In one aspect, for example, the elastic film contains a charge. Fillers are particulate materials or other forms of material that can be added to the film polymer extrusion mix and that will not chemically interfere with the extruded film, but that can be evenly dispersed throughout the film. Fillers can serve a variety of purposes, including increasing film opacity and/or breathability (i.e., vapor permeable and substantially liquid impermeable). For example, filled films can be made breathable by stretching, which causes the polymer to separate from the filler and create microporous passages. Breathable microporous elastic films are described, for example, in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,997,981; 6,015,764; and 6,111,163 to McCormack, et al.; 5,932,497 to Morman, et al.; 6,461,457 Taylor et al., which are incorporated herein by reference herein for all purposes.
[53] Other additives can also be incorporated into the film, such as melt stabilizers, processing stabilizers, heat stabilizers, light stabilizers, antioxidants, heat aging stabilizers, bleaching agents, antiblocking agents, bonding agents, tackifiers , viscosity modifiers, etc.
[54] The elastic film of the present invention can be mono- or multi-layered. Multilayer films can be prepared by co-extrusion of layers, extrusion coating or by any conventional layering process. Such multilayer films normally contain at least one base layer and at least one coating layer, but may contain any number of layers desired. The thickness of the coating layer(s) is generally selected so as not to substantially impair the elastomeric properties of the film. The properties of the resulting film can generally be varied as desired.
[55] Generally speaking, the coating used in the composite contains a meltblown web to improve the coating's receptiveness to an ink. Namely, meltblown webs generally have small pores that allow the ink to have better surface retention after printing. The small pore size can also provide other benefits, such as inhibiting the passage of liquids and particles, while allowing gases (eg air and water vapor) to pass through.
[56] Meltblown web is typically formed from a polymer having a softening temperature that is higher than the temperature imparted during bonding. Thus, the polymer typically does not soften to such an extent that the meltblown web fibers become fully melt flowable and unable to form bonds. If desired, biodegradable polymers such as those described above can also be employed. Synthetic or natural cellulosic polymers can also be used. It should be noted that the polymer(s) may also contain other additives, such as processing aids or treatment compositions to impart desired fiber properties, residual amounts of solvents, pigments or dyes, and so on. .
[57] Monocomponent and/or multicomponent fibers can be used to form the meltblown web. One-component fibers are generally formed from a polymer or blend of polymers extruded from a single extruder. Multicomponent fibers are generally formed from two or more polymers (eg, bicomponent fibers) extruded from separate extruders. Polymers can be disposed in distinct zones substantially constantly positioned across the cross section of the fibers. The components can be arranged in any desired configuration, wrap-core, side-by-side, pie, island-in-the-sea, three-island, bull's-eye, or various other arrangements known in the art.
[58] Desired fiber denier may vary depending on the desired application.
[59] Although not required, the meltblown web can optionally be bonded using any conventional technique, such as with an adhesive or autogenously (eg, melting and/or self-adhesive fibers without an external adhesive applied). Appropriate autogenous bonding techniques can include ultrasonic bonding, thermal bonding, direct air bonding, calender bonding, and so on. As well known to those of skill in the art, the temperature and pressure required may vary depending on many factors including, but not limited to, pattern bonding area, polymer properties, fiber properties, and non-woven properties. The meltblown web may also be narrowed in one or more directions prior to lamination to the film of the present invention.
[60] If desired, the meltblown coating can have a multilayer structure. Suitable multilayer coatings may include, for example, spunbond/meltblown/spunbond (SMS) laminates and spunbond/meltblown (SM) laminates.
[61] The meltblown coating may also contain an additional fibrous component such that it is considered a composite. For example, a meltblown web can be entangled with another fibrous component using any of a variety of entanglement techniques known in the art (e.g., hydraulic, aerial, mechanical, etc.). In a specific aspect, the coating can be a “coform web” made by a process in which at least one meltblowne die head is disposed close to a trough through which other materials are added to the web as it forms.
[62] Regardless of its specific construction, a specific benefit of the present invention is that the meltblown coating can be relatively light weight and still remain durable and still present a surface suitable for printing. Such light weight can provide a variety of benefits, including reduced costs and improved flexibility.
[63] In addition to an elastic film and meltblown coating, the composite of the present invention may also include other coatings as known in the art. For example, the composite may include an additional non-woven coating such as a meltblown web, spunbond web, bonded carded web, wet formed web, air formed web, coform web, hydraulically entangled web, etc. The additional coating(s) may be multilayer and/or a composite material as described above.
[64] Lamination is performed using a standardized bonding technique (eg, thermal spot bonding, ultrasonic bonding, etc.) in which materials are supplied to a defined nip by at least one standardized roll. Thermal spot bonding, for example, typically employs a nip formed between two rollers, at least one of which is patterned. Ultrasonic bonding, on the other hand, typically employs a nip formed between a sonic horn and a patterned roller. Regardless of the technique chosen, the patterned roll contains a plurality of embossed bonding elements to bond the film to the meltblown coating.
[65] As indicated above, the durability and stability of the meltblown coating is enhanced by the simultaneous formation of openings and discrete bonding sites during lamination. Such openings can also provide a desired level of texture, softness, feel, and/or aesthetic appeal to the composite without having a significant adverse effect on its elastic properties. Bond formation and opening are accomplished in the present invention by selectively controlling certain parameters of the lamination process, such as film content, bond pattern, film tension degree, bond conditions, etc. The size of the bonding elements, for example, can be specifically shaped to facilitate the formation of gaps in the film and increase the bond between the film and the meltblown coating.
[66] In addition to the size of the bonding elements, the overall bonding pattern can also be selectively controlled to obtain the desired opening formation. In this way, the bonding elements will present a relatively large surface for the film in a direction substantially perpendicular to that in which the film moves. This increases the area over which shear stress is imparted to the film and, in turn, facilitates gap formation.
[67] The pattern of bonding elements is generally selected so that the non-woven composite has a total bond area less than about 50% (as determined by conventional optical microscopic methods) and in some aspects less than about 30%.
[68] Selecting an appropriate bond temperature (eg, the temperature of a heated roll) will help to melt and/or soften the film's low softening point elastomeric polymer(s) in regions adjacent to the connecting elements. The softened elastomeric polymer(s) may then flow and become displaced during bonding, such as by pressure exerted by the bonding elements. Displaced portions of the film surrounding the openings may also melt into the meltblown coating, thereby forming an integral non-woven composite. Furthermore, as the elastomeric polymer(s) can physically retain or adhere to the fibers at the bonding sites, proper bond formation can be achieved without requiring substantial softening of the polymer(s). (s) used to form the meltblown coating. In this way, the meltblown coating remains substantially unbonded to the film or other materials in those regions located directly adjacent (eg, above or below) the openings. Furthermore, the meltblown coating is also generally unopenable, although it may of course develop some small cuts or tears during processing.
[69] To achieve such simultaneous bond formation and opening without substantially softening the polymer(s) of the meltblown coating, the bonding pressure and temperature can be selectively controlled. Similarly, the pressure exerted by the rollers (“nip pressure”) during thermal bonding can be varied. Of course, the residence time of the materials can influence the specific binding parameters used.
[70] Another factor influencing simultaneous bond formation and opening is the degree of tension in the film during lamination. An increase in film tension, for example, typically correlates with an increase in aperture size.
[71] Of course, film tension that is too high can adversely affect film integrity.
[72] The film can be “pre-stretched” (before lamination) by rollers that rotate at different rotation speeds so that the sheet is stretched to the desired stretch ratio in the machine direction. This uniaxially stretched film can also be oriented in the cross-machine direction to form a “biaxially stretched” film. The orientation temperature profile during the "pre-stretch" operation is generally below the melting point of one or more polymers in the film, yet high enough to allow the composition to be pulled or stretched. When “pre-stretched” in the way described above, the degree of stretch during rolling can be increased, maintained, or slightly reduced (retracted) to the desired degree of tension.
[73] During lamination, the elastic film is bonded to the meltblown coating and provided with openings. The size and/or pattern of the resulting openings generally correspond to the size and/or pattern of the connecting elements. That is, the openings can have a length, width, aspect ratio, and orientation as described above. Similarly, the longitudinal axis of one or more of the openings (longer dimension along a centerline of the opening) can be slanted relative to the machine direction of the elastic film.
[74] During formation, the elastic film may shrink towards its length in the original machine direction and become shorter in the machine direction, thereby forming “creases” in the meltblown coating. The resulting elastic composite thereby becomes extensible in the machine direction to the point where the pleats in the liner can be flattened out, thereby allowing the elastic film to elongate.
[75] Generally speaking, the resulting "creases" in the meltblown coating have a relatively small amplitude (height) and wavelength ("peak-to-peak" distance), thus making the surface more suitable for printing. It is believed that pleats having a small height and wavelength (high density) can improve print quality by providing a greater effective surface area for ink transfer.
[76] Additional details regarding elastic laminates of the present invention can be found in copending US Patent Publication No. 2008/0095978 entitled "Nonwoven Composite Containing An Apertured Elastic Film" and copending US Patent Application Serial No. 12/ 580,847, entitled “Matching Absorbent Article Components For A Uniform Appearance”, which are incorporated herein by reference to the extent that they do not conflict with the foregoing.
[77] Suitable materials and processes for forming such absorbent articles are well known to those skilled in the art. Absorbent articles can include, for example, a substantially liquid-impermeable layer (e.g., outer covering), a liquid-permeable layer (e.g., body facing liner, surge layer, etc.), and an absorbent core. In a specific aspect of the present invention, the printed non-woven composite can be used to form a substantially liquid-impervious layer (e.g., outer covering) of the absorbent article. In another aspect, the printed non-woven composite of the present invention can be used to form a liquid permeable layer (e.g., body facing liner, surge layer) of the absorbent article.
[78] Returning to Figures 1-3, the pants 20 may have the side panels 34, 134 affixed to each other to secure the pants 20 around the wearer's waist. Side panels 34, 134 can be attached by bonding, mechanical fasteners or any other suitable method, and can be attached permanently, in a tear-off mode, or in a re-attachable mode. The illustrated Pants 20 include the fastening system 80 to re-attachably fasten the pants around the wearer's waist. The illustrated fastening system 80 includes first fastening members 82 adapted for resealable engagement with corresponding second fastening members 84. In one aspect, a surface of each of the first fastening components 82, 84 includes a plurality of engaging elements projecting from that surface. The first fastening component engaging elements 82 are adapted to repeatedly engage and disengage the second fastening component engaging elements 84.
[79] Fasteners 82, 84 may include separate elements attached to side panels 134, 34, or may be formed integrally with side panels. Thus, unless otherwise specified, the term "fastener component" includes separate components that function as fasteners, and regions of materials such as side panels 34, 134 that function as fasteners. Furthermore, a single material can define multiple fasteners to the point where different regions of the material function as separate fasteners. The fastening components 82, 84 may be located on the side panels 134, 34, between the side panels such as on the absorbent chassis, or a combination of the two.
[80] Components, alignment, and articles can be inspected using an infrared inspection system such as that described in US 6,885,451 to Vogt et al., and in co-pending US patent application Serial No. 12/580,767, entitled " Disposable Absorbent Articles Incorporating Black-Free Colorants” each of which is incorporated herein by reference to the extent that they do not conflict with the foregoing.
[81] Examples of suitable materials and processes by which components can be constructed and printed can be found in copending US patent application Serial No. 12/023,447 entitled "Printable Elastic Composite", which is incorporated herein by way of reference to the extent that it does not conflict with the present.
[82] Absorbent products are often created from multiple materials and components that typically differ in appearance and feel. Genuine cloth underwear; however, it is generically crafted from a unique chassis material and leg straps and waistband. As a result, real cloth underwear has a consistent look and feel. With respect to disposable absorbent products made from multiple non-woven components, consumers generally prefer products that more closely emulate the appearance of real cloth underwear. This desire drives the need to reduce the effective differences in the appearance of a disposable absorbent across its different materials and components and to create perceptions of a similar look and feel across different materials.
[83] Attempts to produce disposable absorbent products with the look and feel of a real garment have failed to provide the desired integrated look. To control costs, elastic panels with one set of material properties are often combined with a central chassis having different material properties. For example, in closed pants, the elastic panels have a creased texture, whereas the chassis, as it does not need to be stretched, is conventionally smoother in texture. Printing these two different materials with the same desired design results in a significant difference in how the printed graphic looks due to differences in how the ink interacts with the different materials and the stretch of an elastic panel.
[84] One solution to this problem is to print one or more components to match other components on the disposable absorbent article.
[85] Any printing technique can be employed to apply an ink to the surface of the meltblown coating, such as gravure printing, flexographic printing, screen printing, inkjet printing, laser printing, thermal ribbon printing, piston printing , etc. In a specific aspect, inkjet printing techniques are employed to apply an ink to the meltblown coating. Inkjet printing is a non-contact printing technique that involves forcing an ink through a tiny nozzle (or a series of nozzles) to form droplets that are directed towards the media. Two techniques are generally used, ie, “DOD” (Drop-On-Demand) or “continuous” inkjet printing. In continuous systems, ink is emitted in a continuous stream under pressure through at least one orifice or nozzle. The flow is disturbed by a pressurization actuated to break the flow into droplets at a fixed distance from the orifice. DOD systems, on the other hand, use a pressurizing actuator at each orifice to break up ink into droplets. The pressurizing actuator in each system can be a piezoelectric crystal, an acoustic device, a thermal device, etc. The inkjet system type selection varies on the type of material to be printed from the printhead. For example, conductive materials are sometimes required for continuous systems because the droplets are electrostatically deflected.
[86] The specific type or style of ink pattern is not a limiting factor for development, and may include, for example, any arrangement of stripes, bands, dots, or other geometric shapes. The pattern can include signs (eg trademarks, text and logos), floral designs, abstract designs, any artwork configuration, etc. The pattern can be targeted to a specific class of consumers. For example, in the case of diapers or training pants, the pattern might be in the form of cartoon characters, and so on. It should be recognized that the “pattern” can have virtually any desired appearance. The print layout might leave little or no white space, or the print layout might leave a little or a lot of white space.
[87] Ink generally includes one or more coloring substances (eg, pigments, dyes, etc.) that impart a certain color to the coating, such as black, white, yellow, cyan, magenta, red, green, blue, etc. For example, the colorant can be an inorganic and/or organic pigment. Some examples of commercially available organic pigments that can be used in the present invention include those that are available from Clariant Corp. of Charlotte, North Carolina, under the tradenames GRAPHTOLO or CARTAREN®. Others. pigments such as varnish compounds (blue varnish, red varnish, yellow varnish, etc.) can also be used. Inorganic and/or organic dyes can also be used as a dye. Exemplary organic dye classes include triaryl methyl dyes, monoazo dyes, thiazine dyes, dyes. of oxazine dyes, naphthalimide dyes, atin dyes, cyanine dyes, indigo dyes, coumarin dyes, benzimidazole dyes, paraquinoidal dyes, fluorescein dyes, diazonium salt dyes, diazo azo dyes, phenylene diamine dyes, dyes diazo, anthraquinone dyes, trisazo dyes, xanthene dyes, proflavin dyes, sulfonaphthalein dyes, phthalocyanine dyes, carotenoid dyes, carminic acid dyes, azure dyes, acridine dyes, and so on. A particularly suitable class of dyes includes anthraquinone compounds, which can be classified for identification by their color index (CI) number. For example, some suitable anthraquinones that can be used in the present invention, as classified by their "CI" number, include acid black 48, acid blue 25 (D&C Green No. 5), acid blue 40, acid blue 41, acid blue 45 , acid blue 129, acid green 25, acid green 27, acid green 41, mordant red 11 (alizarin), black mortant 13 (Black blue alizarin B), red mortant 3 (alizarin red S), mordant violet 5 (alizarin violet 3R ), natural red 4 (carminic acid), stray blue 1, stray blue 3, stray blue 14, natural red 16 (purpurin), natural red 8, reactive blue 2, and so on.
[88] Prior to application, the colorant is typically dissolved or dispersed in a solvent to form the ink. Any solvent capable of dispersing or dissolving the components is suitable. The solvent concentration in the paint formulation is generally high enough to allow easy application, handling, etc.
[89] The ink can also include various other components as well known in the art, such as dye stabilizers, photoinitiators, binders, solvents, surfactants, wetting agents, biocides or biostats, electrolytic salts, pH adjusters, etc. Other additives can also be included to improve paint performance, such as a chelating agent to sequester metal ions that could become involved in chemical reactions over time, a corrosion inhibitor to help protect metal components. of the printer or ink delivery system, a biocide or biostat to control unwanted growth of bacteria, fungi or yeast in the ink, and a surfactant to adjust the surface tension of ink.
[90] In one aspect of the present invention, two or more components are printed with a unique graphic or pattern to mask the inherent appearance of the materials from which those components are constructed, and/or mask the physical structure of those components or the article itself.
[91] The resulting appearance can be created by printing an object graphic, a random graphic, a background pattern, a simulated texture, or some combination of these. The print covers multiple components and can minimize the white area and/or unprinted space on the outer surface of the article. Printing can be used to break up areas of white space or otherwise optimize the use of white space in the article.
[92] Numerous aspects of the present invention can be used to achieve a uniform appearance. For example, the masking pattern can serve as a primary or background graphic, and general graphics can include such elements as a waistband, leg bands, object graphics, and random graphics. Although non-woven materials and components made therefrom typically have a white background, the printing described here can be done on pigmented substrates such as a pink outer overlay and pink elastic panels, or a combination of pigmented and unpigmented substrates such as an overlay white exterior with pink elastic panels. The key is that printing is done on at least one material to achieve a uniform appearance across multiple materials.
[93] In another aspect of the present invention when printing on material components that do not stretch, that differ in stretch, or that might or might not be fully stretched in use, it is desirable to print a graphic that is not grossly distorted during use since the different materials stretch at different points. Furthermore, materials with variable or non-uniform stretch characteristics in different regions can be printed in such a way that the different regions have a similar appearance. More practically, the materials must provide a similar appearance when pulled from the package and when used by a user. One way to accomplish this is to optimize the printed graphic to include identical or substantially similar elements in various sizes. For example, the printed chart might include stars from. at least two sizes such that the smaller stars when stretched resemble the larger stars. This ensures that some of the elements look the same between the outer cover and the elastic panel both when pulled from the packaging and when worn by the user. In another example, a non-uniform sine wave, such as one with high and low heights, and/or with wide and narrow widths, can be used to better simulate the appearance of both material drawn in different states and material not drawn.
[94] In another aspect of the present invention, and as will be apparent to those skilled in the art, material characteristics of a substrate to be printed must be considered when selecting a substrate, a printing method, an ink and an intended result.
[95] In a typical disposable absorbent article, white space or unprinted areas on the chassis and elastic panels tend to emphasize the physical structure of the article, for example, by highlighting seams, inherent textures and other material characteristics. With the use of print to mask such texture and physical structures, areas of white or unprinted space on the chassis and elastic panels can be used to indicate a uniform appearance throughout the article.
[96] In an example of this aspect, both the outer covering and the elastic panels of a trouser to be printed with the same graphic such that the materials from which those components are constructed look different from their original state, but now match between themselves. After these components are assembled into pants, the pants take on a one-piece garment appearance because the stretched and unstretched materials look substantially the same. In one example, components can be printed with thermal mesh or ribbed mesh pattern.
[97] In another aspect of the present invention, a component may be printed to match the inherent appearance of the material from which another component is constructed.
[98] Although the descriptions here are largely directed at printing an elastic panel to mask or simulate the appearance of an outer overlay, the same disclosure can be applied to printing an outer overlay to mask or simulate the appearance of an outer overlay, or print any component of the article to mask or simulate the appearance of another component in the article.
[99] A uniform appearance across multiple components can be achieved by simulating the inherent appearance of the unprinted material of one component by printing an inherent appearance replicated on another component. It is not simply replicating a color between different non-woven materials. The printed component is printed in such a way that it appears to exhibit the inherent appearance of the unprinted component.
[100] When printing on material components that do not stretch, that differ in stretch, or that might or might not be fully stretched in use, it is desirable to print a graphic that is not greatly distorted during use as different materials stretch at different points . In various solutions, printing is done to replicate the inherent appearance of the article in its unstretched state, such as just out of a package, or the average stretched state of the article as it is worn by a user.
[101] Additionally, the printed texture graphic can serve as a primary or background graphic, and general graphics can include such elements as a waistband, leg bands, object graphics, and random graphics. The materials being matched can be pigmented or unpigmented.
[102] In an alternative aspect of the present invention, the printed texture graphic may simulate the texture or appearance of a portion of another component, rather than the specific material from which that component is constructed. For example, the printed texture graphic can be printed on an elastic panel to emulate the creases in the chassis elasticized waistband such that an appearance of a uniform elasticized waistband is presented.
[103] Further detail regarding methods for measuring visual and tactile properties, and products that exhibit such properties, can be found in U.S. patent application publication Nos. US2005/0161129 and US2006/0161130 and U.S. Patent No. 6,174,303 , which are incorporated herein by reference to the extent that they do not conflict with the present.
[104] It has been shown that surface printing of different materials such as an elastic stretch panel and an unstretched outer covering can look successfully equal if care is taken to create a surface texture on an unstretched material that looks similar to that of stretched material when in a relaxed state. The desired texture is achieved through experimentation with coating grammage and bond pattern as described in more detail below.
[105] Alternatively, the texture graphic printed on the stretched material can be designed such that the stretched material appears to be smoother than it is in a perception of smoothness versus actual smoothness. In one example, a gray heather pattern is printed over the stretched material of the elastic panel to allow the elastic panel to appear smoother in texture.
[106] In another aspect of the present invention, it is undesirable to have the texture pattern printed emulating the inherent appearance of another component if such inherent appearance has an aesthetic suggestion (eg, unattractive or rough) that would ruin the desired uniform appearance of the article. . In this regard, it is often better to use printing to mask the inherent appearances of the various components. In one example, a gray heather pattern is printed over the stretched material of the elastic panel and an open gray heather pattern is printed over the unstretched material of the outer shell to mask the appearance of each component.
[107] It should be noted that the present invention encompasses a combination of different types of printing as well as a combination of internal and external printing. One or more print types can be used on a single article, where print types include, but are not limited to, digital, flexographic, gravure, contact, contactless, online and offline printing. Furthermore, the print may be surface printing on the outermost layer of a given component, or printing may be on an inner surface or on an inner layer of a given component such that the print is visible on the surface of that component. For example, an article can be manufactured with external printing on one component and printing disposed between materials such as a film and surface coating on a different component.
[108] In further examples, stretched material such as that which could be employed in an elastic panel may be externally printed, while an unstretched portion of an outer covering may be internally printed or vice versa. An article may have both external and internal printing on the garment facing surface of the article. Barrier material and/or non-barrier material can be printed. Breathable and/or non-breathable material can be printed. Materials with different types of prints can be attached directly to each other and can be of the same material (eg elastic panel to elastic panel joining) or different materials (eg body panels to be inserted). Materials can vary in thickness, texture, topography and any other appropriate characteristics.
[109] In still additional examples, printed random graphics can be combined with registered graphics. Graphics can be integrated into externally and internally printed materials. Printing can be done on pigmented or otherwise colored material and/or on non-pigmented or “white” material.
[110] In a specific aspect of the present invention, the elastic panels of a disposable absorbent article are printed on the outer covering surface of its elastic panel material, while the outer covering of the disposable absorbent article is printed on the outer covering and covering film. with a layer of non-woven coating. In reality, the article of this aspect is printed both externally (elastic panels) and internally (external covering). More specifically, in this regard, elastic panels are flexographically printed off-line. The outer cover film is also flexographically printed off-line and covered with a non-woven coating. The two materials are then introduced into the article manufacturing process in such a way that the print on the elastic panels is aligned with the print on the outer cover.
[111] In a specific different aspect of the present invention, a disposable absorbent article has a flexographically printed outer cover (inner print) and a digitally printed waistband (outer print) on the elastic panels.
[112] The various aspects of the present invention can be applied in machine direction or cross direction processes. In one example, an article with a three-piece chassis might include printing on the body and inset panels. Such an article may be digitally printed on the outer surface of the body panel, as a back label indicator, and printed internally on the insert. Variations of this example can include any combination of internal, external, digital, flexographic or any other suitable printing method.
[113] Although the present invention generally describes the printing of stretched materials having external printing and unstretched materials having internal printing, the opposite can also be used with drawn materials having internal printing and unstretched materials having external printing. In addition, both materials can be drawn, both can be undrawn, both can be internally printed, or both can be externally printed. Additional detail regarding the printing of various materials and components can be found in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. US2005/0217791, and in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,562,037; 5,566,616; 5,501,149; 5,597,642; 5,612,118; and 6,231,715, each of which is incorporated herein by reference to the extent that it does not conflict with the present.
[114] In practice, a disposable absorbent article of the present invention may have multiple printed components. Suitable materials for use in fabricating the outer covering and elastic panels can be selected as described above. The material used in the manufacture of the outer covering is typically different from the material used in the manufacture of elastic panels, although this is not a requirement in the manufacture of the article. The outer cover on the manufactured article has a central outer cover region generally positioned in the front and/or back waist regions. The outer cover center region does not include a waistband or leg straps. The outer-cover center region has an outer-cover center region appearance, which is the physical appearance of the outer-cover center region. It should be noted that the central regions described here are arbitrary areas taken to include a fabric sample or a sample of the overall impression, texture or appearance of an area. Such regions are generally located centrally in the longitudinal direction between the leg openings and the waist opening, and do not include printed waistband or printed leg bands. Center regions are intended to allow you to compare the appearance of areas in an article. Although illustrated in Figures 2, 4 and 5 as being generally ovoid, the central regions can be of any suitable shape.
[115] The elastic panel is printed before or after attaching to the Chassis as described above. The elastic panel can be printed to match the appearance of the outer cover center region whether the outer cover center region is printed or not. The elastic panel can be printed to match the impression in the outer shell core region, or the elastic panel can be printed to match the outer shell texture of the material from which the outer shell is constructed. In either case, the elastic panel core region is printed to look identical or substantially similar to the outer cover core region appearance. The second, third and fourth elastic panels can be manufactured in much the same way.
[116] In addition, the article can be manufactured in such a way that the central region of outer covering and the first central region of elastic panel have no lateral clearance between them. Or they can be arranged in such a way that a lateral clearance in print is present between the regions. In other words, the outer casing central region and the elastic panel central region may be a continuous region of print or other appearance, or there may be a lateral clearance between the outer casing central region and the elastic panel central region. In a specific example, the lateral clearance between the outer casing central region and the elastic panel first central region should be less than 15 mm, preferably less than 10 mm, more preferably less than 5 mm, and most preferably 0 mm. It should be noted that some printed graphics, such as those with vertical stripes, may include an inherent side clearance as part of their patterns. Such inherent side clearances are not included here in the definition of a side clearance.
[117] In another aspect of the present invention, a lateral circumference taken between the waist opening and the top of the leg openings can be seen to cross at least two elastic panels. Each component along the circumference may be printed such that at least a portion of each component is identical or substantially similar in appearance to the other components. Furthermore, the outer covering, if not on the circumference, may also be printed to be identical or substantially similar in appearance to the other components.
[118] In yet another aspect of the present invention, the pants 20 may also include a printed waistband and/or printed leg bands as described in copending US patent application Serial No. 12/580,529 entitled "Alignment Of Leg And Waist Bands On Disposable Absorbent Articles", which is incorporated herein by reference to the extent that it does not conflict with the foregoing.
[119] Although the invention has been described in detail with respect to specific aspects thereof, it will be recognized that those skilled in the art, after gaining an understanding of the above, can readily devise alterations, variations and equivalents to those aspects. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is to be evaluated as that of the appended claims and any equivalents thereto.

权利要求:
Claims (14)
[0001]
1. A method of making a disposable absorbent article (20, 220) having multiple components, the method characterized in that it comprises: providing a first material for use as an outer covering (42); producing a chassis (32) including the outer casing (40, 42), the outer casing (40, 42) including an outer casing center region (75, 275) having an outer casing central region appearance; providing a second material for use as an elastic panel, wherein the second material is different from the first material; producing a first elastic panel having a first elastic panel central region (76, 276); printing the first elastic panel central region (76, 276) with a printed first elastic panel graphic; and affixing the first elastic panel to the chassis (32), wherein the supply and printing are carried out in such a way that the first elastic panel central region (76, 276) gives the appearance of being substantially similar to the appearance of the central covering region. outer (75, 275), wherein the outer coverage central region (75, 275) appearance includes an outer coverage (60) printed graphic, wherein the outer coverage (60) printed graphic is substantially similar to the first graphic elastic panel print; wherein the printed outer cover graphic (60) and the elastic panel graphic individually include graphic elements that are substantially similar except that they are at least two sizes when the article is not drawn, and that are substantially similar in size when the article (20, 220) is stretched.
[0002]
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer cover center region appearance (75, 275) includes an outer cover texture appearance (40, 42), and wherein the first printed graphic of elastic panel is printed to appear substantially similar to the outer cover texture appearance (40, 42).
[0003]
3. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer cover printed graphic (40, 42) and the first elastic panel printed graphic share a color palette.
[0004]
4. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer cover printed graphic (40, 42) and the first elastic panel printed graphic share graphic elements.
[0005]
5. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer cover printed graphic (40, 42) and the first elastic panel printed graphic share a graphic theme.
[0006]
6. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the printed graphic of elastic panel includes a repetitive pattern.
[0007]
7. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the printed graphic of elastic panel includes an object graphic.
[0008]
8. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer casing central region (75, 275) and the elastic panel central region (76, 276) do not include a waistband or a leg band.
[0009]
9. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic panel is a side panel.
[0010]
10. Method according to claim by the fact that the elastic panel is a body panel.
[0011]
11. Method according to the claim in that the outer covering (40, 42) is stretchable.
[0012]
12. Method according to claim 1, 1, 1, characterized in that the outer cover (40, 42) or the elastic panel is pigmented.
[0013]
13. The method of claim 1, further comprising: producing a second elastic panel having a second elastic panel middle region (76, 276); printing the second elastic panel central region (76, 276) with a second printed elastic panel graphic, wherein the second printed elastic panel graphic is substantially similar to the first printed elastic panel graphic; and attaching the second elastic panel to the chassis (32), wherein the printing is performed in such a way that the second elastic panel central region (76, 276) appears to be substantially similar to the appearance of the outer casing central region (75, 275 ).
[0014]
14. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the central region of outer covering (75, 275) and the first central region of elastic panel (76, 276) are free from lateral slack in printing between them.

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同族专利:

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公开号 | 公开日

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WO2011045685A2|2011-04-21|

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CO6511285A2|2012-08-31|

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MX2012003956A|2012-05-08|

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EP2488141A2|2012-08-22|

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WO2011045685A3|2011-08-04|

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RU2012119832A|2013-11-27|

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US20130338622A1|2013-12-19|

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KR20120099403A|2012-09-10|

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US20110092943A1|2011-04-21|

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AU2010308102B2|2014-01-23|

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EP2488141A4|2014-04-02|

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CN102596138B|2016-03-30|

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CN102596138A|2012-07-18|

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AU2010308102A1|2012-04-05|

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RU2529109C2|2014-09-27|

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BR112012008928A2|2020-11-03|

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US8529725B2|2013-09-10|

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KR101553435B1|2015-09-15|

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法律状态:
2020-11-17| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|

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2021-03-30| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|

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2021-05-11| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 02/09/2010, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. PATENTE CONCEDIDA CONFORME MEDIDA CAUTELAR DE 07/04/2021 - ADI 5.529/DF |

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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US12/580,882|2009-10-16|

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US12/580,882|US8529725B2|2009-10-16|2009-10-16|Printed absorbent article components for a uniform appearance|

---

PCT/IB2010/053954|WO2011045685A2|2009-10-16|2010-09-02|Printed absorbent article components for a uniform appearance|

---